# String Arrays in PostgreSQL

> PostgreSQL allows us to create a string array using one of three data types: CHAR, VARCHAR, and TEXT. Once an array is created, various operations can be perfo…

PostgreSQL offers three types to work with the string data, i.e., **TEXT, VARCHAR,** and **CHAR**. Postgres allows us to create a string array using one of these data types. We can perform various operations on string arrays using different queries and built-in functions, such as insert, update, append, etc.

This write-up will teach you how to create and use string arrays in Postgres using practical examples. So, let’s start!

 **How to Create a String Array in Postgres?**

To create a string array in Postgres, specify the column name followed by the data type and a set of square brackets:
    
    
    CREATE TABLE st_information (
    st_id SERIAL PRIMARY KEY, 
    st_name TEXT[],
    st_email VARCHAR[]
    );

The st_information table with four columns has been created successfully.

 **How to Fetch/Display the Data of a String Array in Postgres?**

Execute the “SELECT *” command to show the table’s data:
    
    
    SELECT * FROM st_information;

The output shows that the st_information has three columns. Two of them are string-type arrays.

 **How Do I INSERT Data/Records Into a String Array in Postgres?**

In Postgres, the ARRAY keyword, followed by a set of square brackets, is used to insert data into a string array. Alternatively, a set of curly braces enclosed within the single quotations can be used in Postgres. Let’s learn how to insert data into a string array using the INSERT INTO statement:
    
    
    INSERT INTO st_information(st_name, st_email)
    VALUES('{"Joe", "Root"}', '{"joe@xyz.com", "ceo@xyz.com"}'),
    ('{"Tim", "David"}', '{"tim@xyz.com"}');

The above snippet shows that the INSERT INTO query was executed successfully. Let’s verify the data insertion using the “st_information” table:
    
    
    SELECT * FROM st_information;

The output clarifies that the data has been successfully inserted into the string arrays.

 **How to Update a String Array in Postgres?**

Use the UPDATE query with the SET clause to modify the whole string array or a specific index of the string array:
    
    
    UPDATE st_information
    SET st_email[1] = 'hr@xyz.com '
    WHERE st_id = 2;

Let’s run the SELECT query to see the modified value:
    
    
    SELECT * FROM st_information;

The output proves that the targeted string array has been updated successfully.

 **How to Append an Element to String Array in Postgres?**

You can use any array function to achieve various functionalities, such as the ARRAY_APPEND() function, the ARRAY_LENGTH() function, etc. In this example, we will use the append function to append “tim@xyz.com” at the end of the “st_email” array:
    
    
    SELECT ARRAY_APPEND(st_email, 'tim@xyz.com')
    FROM st_information
    WHERE st_id = 2;

The above snippet shows that an element is appended at the end of the input string array.

That’s it from this Postgres guide!

 **Conclusion**

PostgreSQL allows us to create a string array using one of three data types: CHAR, VARCHAR, and TEXT. We can perform various operations on string arrays using different queries and built-in functions, such as INSERT, UPDATE, ARRAY_APPEND(), etc. This write-up explained how to create a string array and perform various operations on that array using different queries and built-in functions.

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